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Toxicity of the IGR, Diflubenzuron, to Freshwater Invertebrates and Fish

Problem Addressed: Toxicity of insecticides used against spruce budworm on invertebrates and fish.

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Study the potential toxicological effects of the parent compound diflubenzuron and three of its known degradation products to freshwater fish and invertebrates.

Key Findings: The acute toxicity of the WP formulation of diflubenzuron varied greatly between species of aquatic invertebrates.

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The Effects of Fenitrothion, Matacil and Orthene on Frog Larvae

Problem Addressed: Effects of insecticides used for spruce budworm control on other wildlife.

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Discuss the behavioral repertoire of Rana clamitans tadpoles in the laboratory.

Key Findings: Concentrations detrimental to anuran larvae would never be encountered under normal operational applications of these chemicals.

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Report of the 1986 Midcycle Resurvey of the Spruce-Fir Forest in Maine

Problem Addressed: Budworm outbreak effecting 1980 survey of supply and demand for spruce-fir in Maine.

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Validate the earlier forecasts and to update them to account for new or unexpected developments.

Key Findings: Maine forests, at least within the survey region, are adequately stocked with young trees.

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Spruce Budworm Zectran Pilot Control Test, Bitterroot National Forest 1966

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm in the Bitterroot National Forest in Montana

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Conduct a test to determine the efficiency of the carbamate insecticide Zectran against spruce budworm.

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Recommendations for Improvement of Spruce Budworm Population and Damage Survey Methods in the State of Maine

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm in Maine

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Describe egg mass and defoliation survey; to check results of the egg mass survey, obtain more detailed information on budworm populations, and predict damage in the coming year.

Recommendation: Eliminate any branch beating surveys for spruce budworm and not using light trap data when populations are high.

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The Lethal Toxicity of Matacil 1.8 F to Rainbow Trout and its In Vivo Metabolism

Problem Addressed: Use of insecticides

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Determine the lethal toxicity of Matacil 1.8 F and Matacil 1.8 D ready-to-use formulations.

Key Findings: Aminocarb and MA were detected in fish tissue 96 hours after exposure.

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Measurement of Vapour Pressure and Volatility from Foliage of Fenitrothion and Aminocarb

Problem Addressed: Use of insecticides against spruce budworm

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Describe measurements of the vapour pressures of pure and formulated fenitrothion and aminocarb from quartz sand, glass surfaces and plant foliage.

Key Findings: In our initial determinations of VP's from sand saturators, a doubling of the loading with either fenitrothion or aminocarb resulted in ≤2% change in the vapour pressures obtained. This indicated that the vapour space around the quartz particles was saturated and that the values obtained experimentally were equilibrium values under the conditions used.

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The Spruce Budworm in Maine in 1951

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm in Maine

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Provide information on ground, aerial, and egg mass surveys, special studies of the effect of environment and natural control factors on budworm populations, and rearing of parasites.

Key Findings: Populations of large larvae and pupae were considerably less in most of the observation points and in the special study plots.

Recommendation: Although no spraying will be recommended for 1952 in Maine the State and timberland owners should continue to be prepared to combat the past if it increases to outbreak proportions.

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Compendium of Eastern Spruce Budworm Program Status Reports for the Eastern Canadian Provinces and Maine

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Describe budworm research projects being planned for initiation prior to June 30, 1980.

Key Findings: Sevin-4-Oil, or one or more of its constituents, potentiates the virus Herpes virus varicellae, the causative virus in chicken pox and "shingles".

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Effects of Forest Insect Spraying on Northern Maine Trout Streams

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm effects

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Study the effects of DDT spraying on fish populations in the treated area.

Key Findings: Populations of brook trout and other fishes were reduced considerably by DDT spraying in 1958.

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