Problem Addressed: Effect on Maine songbirds by spraying against Spruce Budworm
Goal(s)/Objective(s): Test sampling techniques developed by US. Fish & Wildlife Service for measuring bird populations over large regions will suffice, compare areas whose past histories are known to see differences in songbird populations, and establish baseline against which to compare data gathered in future years to see whether secular trends occur in songbird populations and whether differential changes occur in the populations of species more vs. less exposed to the pesticides.
Goal(s)/Objective(s): To describe five currently available rating systems which are designed for planning protective spraying and salvage operations or for long-term planning.
Key Findings: Describes objectives and uses of rating systems in spruce-fir management and the most recently developed rating systems.