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Impacts of Air Pollution on Forest Ecosystems (1980)

Problem Addressed: Air pollution

Key Findings: Air pollutants induce changes that do not produce visible injury symptoms but adversely affect growth, yield and quality of plants and plant products. A better understanding is needed of the nature of pollutants and variations in their amounts at given sites.

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Environmental Monitoring of the 1982 Spruce Budworm Spraying Program in Newfoundland

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Determine the impact of the aerial application of the pesticide Matacil on terrestrial insect, songbird and aquatic invertebrate communities over the course of one biological season

Key Findings: Matacil levels on balsam fir in the sprayed areas were low thoughout the study. Six of the 29 samples of balsam fir had Matacil levels over 1.0 ppm (maximum of 5.8 ppm). Levels following the second spray were somewhat higher than following the first. This is attributed to rainfall shortly after the first spray undoubtedly washed some of the pesticie away and a cumulative effect.

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Control of a Spruce Budworm Outbreak in Quebec through Aerial Spraying Operations

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm in Quebec

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Suppress an incipient spruce budworm outbreak in the Lower St. Lawrence region of Quebec though the aerial application of DDT

Key Findings: Although the distribution of eggs could serve as a guide to determine the areas requiring treatment the following year, the exact delimitation of the spray area should be based on a survey carried out just before application of the insecticide.

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Assessment of the 1971 Spruce Budworm Aerial Spraying Program in New Brunswick and Forecast for 1972.

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Discuss and review the 1971 Spruce Budworm aerial spraying program and suggest proposals for 1972.

Key Findings: The trends suggest that the biocontrol complex operating against the budworm has been weakened, and that spraying may lead to higher general equilibrium levels of budworm, so that resurgence becomes more probable; so far, no minor pest is opportunistically approaching epidemic status. However, spray-induced interference with biocontrol forces leaves this possibility open.

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Maine’s Spruce Budworm Program: Moving toward Integrated Management (1977)

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm in Maine

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Design and implement a system of integrated pest management through a balanced program of research, population monitoring, silviculture, salvage, reduced reliance on spraying, and development, where possible, of ecologically safe biological agents.

Key Findings: The announcement of an accelerated, multi-year research and development effort by the USDA Forest Service.

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The Spruce Budworm in Maine in 1971

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm infestations

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Examine the budworm parasites, hoping to identify natural control agents.

Key Findings: The budworm problem is now increasing in area and intensity faster than trees can be cut.

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The Environmental Impact of Sevin

Problem Addressed: Insecticide use against spruce budworm

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Explanation of why Sevin has become a product of choice in forest insect control programs

Key Findings: Sevin carbaryl will continue to be selected for insect control programs where maximum environmental protection is desired

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The Impact of Two Experimentally-Applied Aminocarb Formulations on Stream Periphyton Communities

Problem Addressed: Adverse effects of insecticides used against spruce budworm

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Assess the impact of experimentally-applied Aminocarb Flowable and Aminocarb in 585 Oil on the microphytic component of stream vegetation.

Key Findings: Analyses of periphyton samples collected immediately following spray applicaiton and at 7h post spray in effect indicated no accumulation of aminocarb had occurred. However, ppm levels of fenitrothion were discovered in some samples and are thought to have been present in others.

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Aerial Application of Spruce Budworm Baculovirus: Tests of Virus Strains, Dosages and Formulations in 1977

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm

Goal(s)/Objective(s): Five plots with a total area of 148 ha were treated with spruce budworm nuclear polyhedrosis virus to test 3 formulations, 2 dosages and 2 strains of virus against the spruce budworm

Key Findings: 750 billion polyhedra/ha gave a population reduction of 92% which is the best result obtained to date with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus treatment on spruce budworm.

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Impact of Experimental Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) Suppression Trials Upon Forest Dwelling Birds in Newfoundland in 1977.

Problem Addressed: Spruce budworm outbreak in Newfoundland that has steadily increased in size and intensity since 1971

Key Findings: Presents the results of studies carried out to determine the immediate and short-term effects of a series of experimental sprays upon forest dwelling birds exposed to the various treatment regimes.

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