Problem Addressed: Freezing foliage leading to a decline of Red spruce in northeastern North America
Goal(s)/Objective(s): The effect of thawing rate on freezing injury, relation of mass exchange and chlorophyll loss to electrolyte leakage, and Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii Bubák interacts with freeze-injured needles.
Problem Addressed: Environmental protection standards inconsistencies pertaining to forest management activities in Maine.
Goal(s)/Objective(s): Provide an overview of the legislative process in Maine, identify a process for analyzing comparable laws and regulations, present the findings of the analysis, and suggest future courses of action.
Key Findings: ) a brief history of the evolution of this paper, 2) a literature review of policy formulation processes, 3) a procedural look at how laws move through the Maine Legislature, 4) a summary of how policy formulation and the legislative process combine to result in incremental growth of regulatory inconsistencies, and finally, 5) a review of the state laws and agencies.
Problem Addressed: U.S. Department of Agriculture's Conservation Reserve Program on bird populations.
Goal(s)/Objective(s): Investigate the U.S. Department of Agriculture's CRP on bird populations.
Key Findings: Four species, Western Meadowlark, Ring-necked Pheasant, Brown-headed Cowbird, and Northern Bobwhite showed evidence of positive population responses after the introduction of the CRP.
Problem Addressed: Avian abundance and distribution patterns for New England using data from the U.S.G.S. Biological Resources Division's Breeding Bird Survey (BBS).
Goal(s)/Objective(s): Test predictions of Hanski's core-satellite hypothesis, Brown's ecological specialization hypothesis and Wright's sampling hypothesis to determine which best explained the observed patterns in the three distinct avifaunal regions within New England.
Key Findings: Classification and regression tree analyses indicated no correlation between the spatial exponents and natural history correlates; only 15-25% of the mean deviance of the temporal exponents was explained by life history correlates.
Goal(s)/Objective(s): To document abundance and distribution of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Maine.
Key Findings: Characteristics of size, distance to mainland, and distance to boat launch were measured of potential haulout sites using a geographic information system (GIS).
Problem Addressed: Effects of overstory canopy structure on height development of red spruce and balsam fir saplings is critical for managing multi-cohort forests in Maine.
Goal(s)/Objective(s): Use predictive models to develop and examine the relationships between gap fraction and pine overstory basal area, crown projection area, and projected leaf area, and height increment of open-grown and understory red spruce and balsam fir sapling and gap fraction.
Key Findings: On fair sites, spruce and fir height growth can be maximized if grown beneath approximately 65 percent gap fraction, which is equivalent to a pine leaf area index of 1.0 (m2/ha/ha), or a basal area of 10 (m2/ha). In addition, spruce and fir saplings growing beneath 30 percent gap fraction, a pine leaf area index of 2.0 (m2/ha/ha), or a basal area of 25 (m2/ha), will not suffer in decreased height growth compared with open-grown trees.