• Simmons, Gary Adair
  University of Michigan
  

Sugar maple, Acer saccharum Marshall, was studied to determine the causal agents of forking and to quantify short-term injury to the buds and shoots. Such forking and deformity implies that future tmber harvests may not yield the expected quantity of high quality maple. Information was gathered over the summers of 1969-1971 in the mixed hardwood stands of the Ottawa National Forest in the upper peninsula of Michigan to quantify the annual amount of damage and the results attributable to each causal agent.